Lin, J.-Y., Zheng, Z.-W., Gopalakrishnan, G., Chen, Y.-R., Ho, C.-R., Zheng, Q., & Huang, C.-F. (2025). Onshore and offshore seawater exchange off northeast Taiwan driven by the combined effects of Kuroshio intrusion and tidal currents. Environmental Research Communications, 7(2), 021005. https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/adad52

Sun, R., Sanikommu, S., Subramanian, A. C., Mazloff, M. R., Cornuelle, B. D., Gopalakrishnan, G., Miller, A. J., & Hoteit, I. (2024). Enhanced regional ocean ensemble data assimilation through atmospheric coupling in the SKRIPS model. Ocean Modelling, 191, 102424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102424

Schoenbeck, C. M., Solsona‐Berga, A., Franks, P. J. S., Frasier, K. E., Trickey, J. S., Aguilar, C., Schroeder, I. D., Širović, A., Bograd, S. J., Gopalakrishnan, G., & Baumann‐Pickering, S. (2024). Ziphius cavirostris presence relative to the vertical and temporal variability of oceanographic conditions in the Southern California Bight. Ecology and Evolution, 14(7), e11708. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11708

Tchonang, B. C., Archer, M. R., Gopalakrishnan, G., Cornuelle, B., Mazloff, M. R., Wang, J., & Fu, L.-L. (2024). Evaluation of a 4DVAR Assimilation System in the California Current at the SWOT Calibration/Validation Site. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 41(6), 533–549. https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-23-0112.1

Geyer, F., Gopalakrishnan, G., Sagen, H., Cornuelle, B., Challet, F., & Mazloff, M. (2023). Data Assimilation of Range- and Depth-Averaged Sound Speed from Acoustic Tomography Measurements in Fram Strait. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 40(9), 1023–1036. https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-22-0132.1

Zheng, Z.-W., Lin, J.-Y., Gopalakrishnan, G., Chen, Y.-R., Doong, D.-J., Ho, C.-R., Zheng, Q., Wu, C.-R., & Huang, C.-F. (2023). Extreme cooling of 12.5 °C triggered by Typhoon Fungwong (2008). Ocean Modelling, 182, 102176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2023.102176

Vazquez, H. J., Gopalakrishnan, G., & Sheinbaum, J. (2023). Impact of Yucatan Channel Subsurface Velocity Observations on the Gulf of Mexico State Estimates. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 53(1), 361–385. https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-21-0213.1

Mikhalevsky, P. N., Gopalakrishnan, G., & Cornuelle, B. D. (2023). Deep ocean long range underwater navigation with ocean circulation model corrections. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 153(1), 548–559. https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0016890

Schonau, M. C., Rudnick, D. L., Gopalakrishnan, G., Cornuelle, B. D., & Qiu, B. (2022). Mean, Annual, and Interannual Circulation and Volume Transport in the Western Tropical North Pacific From the Western Pacific Ocean State Estimates (WPOSE). Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 127(6). https://doi.org/10.1029/2021jc018213

Zhou, H., Dewar, W., Yang, W. L., Liu, H. C., Chen, X., Li, R., Liu, C. L., & Gopalakrishnan, G. (2022). Observations and modeling of symmetric instability in the ocean interior in the Northwestern Equatorial Pacific. Communications Earth & Environment, 3(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00362-4

Lin, J.-Y., Zheng, Z.-W., Zheng, Q., Wu, D.-R., Gopalakrishnan, G., Ho, C.-R., Pan, J., Lin, Y.-C., & Xie, L.-L. (2022). Satellite observed new mechanism of Kuroshio intrusion into the northern South China Sea. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 115, 103119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2022.103119

Chen, X., Dewar, W., Chassignet, E., Bourassa, M., Morey, S., & Gopalakrishnan, G. (2022). On the Feedback Between Air‐Sea Turbulent Momentum Flux and Oceanic Submesoscale Processes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 127(10). https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC018767

Gopalakrishnan, G., Cornuelle, B. D., Mazloff, M. R., Worcester, P. F., & Dzieciuch, M. A. (2021). State estimates and forecasts of the northern Philippine Sea circulation including ocean acoustic travel times. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 38(11), 1913–1933. https://doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-20-0178.1

Gopalakrishnan, G., Cornuelle, B. D., Mazloff, M. R., Worcester, P. F., & Dzieciuch, M. A. (2021). State estimates and forecasts of the eddy field in the subtropical countercurrent in the northern Philippine Sea. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 38(11), 1889–1911. https://doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-20-0083.1

Fang, W. P., Wu, D. R., Zheng, Z. W., Gopalakrishnan, G., Ho, C. R., Zheng, Q. A., Huang, C. F., Ho, H., & Weng, M. C. (2021). Impacts of the Kuroshio Intrusion through the Luzon Strait on the Local Precipitation Anomaly. Remote Sensing, 13(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13061113

Wu, D. R., Zheng, Z. W., Gopalakrishnan, G., Ho, C. R., & Zheng, Q. A. (2021). Barrier layer characteristics for different temporal scales and its implication to tropical cyclone enhancement in the western North Pacific. Sustainability, 13(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063375

Hoteit, I., Abualnaja, Y., Afzal, S., Ait-El-Fquih, B., Akylas, T., Antony, C., Dawson, C., Asfahani, K., Brewin, R. J., Cavaleri, L., Cerovecki, I., Cornuelle, B., Desamsetti, S., Attada, R., Dasari, H., Sanchez-Garrido, J., Genevier, L., El Gharamti, M., Gittings, J. A., … Zodiatis, G. (2020). Towards an end-to-end analysis and prediction system for weather, climate, and marine applications in the Red Sea. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 1–61. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0005.1

Wu, X., Feddersen, F., Giddings, S. N., Kumar, N., & Gopalakrishnan, G. (2020). Mechanisms of mid- to outer-shelf transport of shoreline-released tracers. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 50(7), 1813–1837. https://doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-19-0225.1

Zaba, K. D., Rudnick, D. L., Cornuelle, B. D., Gopalakrishnan, G., & Mazloff, M. R. (2020). Volume and heat budgets in the coastal California Current System: Means, annual cycles, and interannual anomalies of 2014-16. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 50(5), 1435–1453. https://doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-19-0271.1

Gopalakrishnan, G., Subramanian, A. C., Miller, A. J., Seo, H., & Sengupta, D. (2020). Estimation and prediction of the upper ocean circulation in the Bay of Bengal. Deep-Sea Research Part Ii-Topical Studies in Oceanography, 172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2019.104721

Schonau, M. C., Wijesekera, H. W., Teague, W. J., Colin, P. L., Gopalakrishnan, G., Rudnick, D. L., Cornuelle, B. D., Hallock, Z. R., & Wang, D. W. (2019). The end of an El Niño: A view from Palau. Oceanography, 32(4), 32–45. https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2019.409

Gopalakrishnan, G., & Cornuelle, B. D. (2019). Palau’s effects on regional-scale ocean circulation. Oceanography, 32(4), 126–135. https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2019.418

Schramek, T. A., Cornuelle, B. D., Gopalakrishnan, G., Colin, P. L., Rowley, S. J., Merrifield, M. A., & Terrill, E. J. (2019). Tropical western Pacific thermal structure and its relationship to ocean surface variables: A numerical state estimate and forereef temperature records. Oceanography, 32(4), 156–163. https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2019.421

Gopalakrishnan, G., Hoteit, I., Cornuelle, B. D., & Rudnick, D. L. (2019). Comparison of 4DVAR and EnKF state estimates and forecasts in the Gulf of Mexico. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 145(721), 1354–1376. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3493

Kuo, Y. C., Zheng, Z. W., Zheng, Q. A., Gopalakrishnan, G., & Lee, H. Y. (2018). Typhoon-Kuroshio interaction in an air-sea coupled system: Case study of typhoon nanmadol (2011). Ocean Modelling, 132, 130–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2018.10.007

Zhan, P., Gopalakrishnan, G., Subramanian, A. C., Guo, D. Q., & Hoteit, I. (2018). Sensitivity studies of the Red Sea eddies using adjoint method. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 123(11), 8329–8345. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jc014531

Zheng, Z. W., Zheng, Q. A., Gopalakrishnan, G., Kuo, Y. C., & Yeh, T. K. (2017). Response of upper ocean cooling off northeastern Taiwan to typhoon passages. Ocean Modelling, 115, 105–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2017.05.008

Kuo, Y. C., Zheng, Z. W., Zheng, Q. A., Gopalakrishnan, G., Lee, C. Y., Chern, S. W., & Chao, Y. H. (2017). Typhoon induced summer cold shock advected by Kuroshio off eastern Taiwan. Ocean Modelling, 109, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2016.11.003

Zheng, Z. W., Zheng, Q. N., Kuo, Y. C., Gopalakrishnan, G., Lee, C. Y., Ho, C. R., Kuo, N. J., & Huang, S. J. (2016). Impacts of coastal upwelling off east Vietnam on the regional winds system: An air-sea-land interaction. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 76, 105–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2016.10.002

Qiu, B., Rudnick, D. L., Cerovecki, I., Cornuelle, B. D., Chen, S., Schonau, M. C., McClean, J. L., & Gopalakrishnan, G. (2015). The Pacific North Equatorial Current: New insights from the Origins of the Kuroshio and Mindanao Currents (OKMC) Project. Oceanography, 28(4), 24–33. https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2015.78

Schonau, M. C., Rudnick, D. L., Cerovecki, I., Gopalakrishnan, G., Cornuelle, B. D., McClean, J. L., & Qiu, B. (2015). The Mindanao Current mean structure and connectivity. Oceanography, 28(4), 34–45. https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2015.79

Lien, R. C., Ma, B., Lee, C. M., Sanford, T. B., Mensah, V., Centurioni, L. R., Cornuelle, B. D., Gopalakrishnan, G., Gordon, A. L., Chang, M. H., Jayne, S. R., & Yang, Y. J. (2015). The Kuroshio and Luzon undercurrent east of Luzon Island. Oceanography, 28(4), 54–63. https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2015.81

Zheng, Z. W., Kuo, N. J., Zheng, Q. N., & Gopalakrishnan, G. (2015). Modeling of upper ocean heat budget variations in response to the passage of super typhoon Sinlaku (2008) in the western North Pacific. Journal of Marine Science and Technology-Taiwan, 23(4), 551–557. https://doi.org/10.6119/jmst-013-0909-6

Rudnick, D. L., Gopalakrishnan, G., & Cornuelle, B. D. (2015). Cyclonic eddies in the Gulf of Mexico: Observations by underwater gliders and simulations by numerical model. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 45(1), 313–326. https://doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-14-0138.1

Kim, S. Y., Gopalakrishnan, G., & Ponte, A. (2015). Interpretation of coastal wind transfer functions with momentum balances derived from idealized numerical model simulations. Ocean Dynamics, 65(1), 115–141. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10236-014-0766-x

Hollt, T., Magdy, A., Zhan, P., Chen, G. N., Gopalakrishnan, G., Hoteit, I., Hansen, C. D., & Hadwiger, M. (2014). Ovis: A framework for visual analysis of ocean forecast ensembles. Ieee Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 20(8), 1114–1126. https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2014.2307892

Zheng, Z. W., Zheng, Q. A., Lee, C. Y., & Gopalakrishnan, G. (2014). Transient modulation of Kuroshio upper layer flow by directly impinging typhoon Morakot in east of Taiwan in 2009. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 119(7), 4462–4473. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jc010090

Yao, F. C., Hoteit, I., Pratt, L. J., Bower, A. S., Kohl, A., Gopalakrishnan, G., & Rivas, D. (2014). Seasonal overturning circulation in the Red Sea: 2. Winter circulation. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 119(4), 2263–2289. https://doi.org/10.1002/2013jc009331

Yao, F. C., Hoteit, I., Pratt, L. J., Bower, A. S., Zhai, P., Kohl, A., & Gopalakrishnan, G. (2014). Seasonal overturning circulation in the Red Sea: 1. Model validation and summer circulation. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 119(4), 2238–2262. https://doi.org/10.1002/2013jc009004

Hoteit, I., Hoar, T., Gopalakrishnan, G., Collins, N., Anderson, J., Cornuelle, B., Kohl, A., & Heimbach, P. (2013). A MITgcm/DART ensemble analysis and prediction system with application to the Gulf of Mexico. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 63, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2013.03.002

Gopalakrishnan, G., Cornuelle, B. D., & Hoteit, I. (2013). Adjoint sensitivity studies of loop current and eddy shedding in the Gulf of Mexico. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 118(7), 3315–3335. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrc.20240

Gopalakrishnan, G., Cornuelle, B. D., Hoteit, I., Rudnick, D. L., & Owens, W. B. (2013). State estimates and forecasts of the loop current in the Gulf of Mexico using the MITgcm and its adjoint. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 118(7), 3292–3314. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrc.20239

Gopalakrishnan, G., Cornuelle, B. D., Gawarkiewicz, G., & McClean, J. L. (2013). Structure and evolution of the cold dome off northeastern Taiwan: A numerical study. Oceanography, 26, 66–79.

Gopalakrishnan, G., & Blumberg, A. F. (2012). Assimilation of HF radar-derived surface currents on tidal-timescales. Journal of Operational Oceanography, 5(1), 75–87.

Gawarkiewicz, G., Jan, S., Lermusiaux, P. F. J., McClean, J. L., Centurioni, L., Taylor, K., Cornuelle, B., Duda, T. F., Wang, J., Yang, Y. J., Sanford, T., Lien, R. C., Lee, C., Lee, M. A., Leslie, W., Haley, P. J., Niiler, P. P., Gopalakrishnan, G., Velez-Belchi, P., … Kim, Y. Y. (2011). Circulation and intrusions northeast of Taiwan: Chasing and predicting uncertainty in the cold dome. Oceanography, 24(4), 110–121. https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2011.99

Gopalakrishnan, G., & Blumberg, A. F. (2011). Surface currents in Raritan Bay, New Jersey: Importance of HF radar first-order Doppler settings. Journal of Operational Oceanography, 4(2), 38–50.

Zheng, Z. W., Ho, C. R., Zheng, Q. A., Lo, Y. T., Kuo, N. J., & Gopalakrishnan, G. (2010). Effects of preexisting cyclonic eddies on upper ocean responses to Category 5 typhoons in the western North Pacific. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 115. https://doi.org/10.1029/2009jc005562